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方舟子应该就hematopoietin,向贺福初等人叩头道歉
方舟子应该就hematopoietin,向贺福初等人叩头道歉 【白字秀才】 方舟子在它的信誉死亡站的列此存照中,一直指控说贺福初等人发现的hematopoietin蛋白的氨基酸顺序和别人早就发现的augmenter of liver regeneration,简称ALR是一模一样的。意思是贺福初等人造谣撞骗,不但欺负中国人,还欺负到国外,欺负国际蛋白基因库的专家。当然了,它方大专家是无法被欺骗的。 以下是摘录之方舟子的《一个成功的学术骗子贺福初院士 》 【二、所谓“在国际上首次发现肝细胞生成素” “1994年以后,他带领课题组发现、克隆并命名了肝细胞生成素,证明其为特异 刺激肝细胞增殖和肝脏再生的新型细胞因子,建立了目前国际上有关肝脏和胎肝 规模最大、最系统的基因表达谱。”(“全国五四青年奖章获得者”介绍) “人源HPO(方按:即指肝细胞生成素)由该课题组在国际上首次发现,重组HPO 为国际上首次研制成功。”(“中国青年科学家奖”获奖者介绍) “他成功地发现人类肝细胞生成素(HPO),并在国际上首次公布其序列”(《他 没有留学背景--记中科院39岁院士贺福初》,《中国青年报》2001年12月11日) 根据贺福初实验室发表的论文和蛋白质序列,他号称首先发现、克隆并命名 的肝细胞生成素HPO,虽然他将其英文写成hepatopoietin,但并不是肝细胞生长 因子(hepatocyte growth factor,有时也写做hepatopoietin。由于贺自创名词, 起初我误以为贺研究的是这种常见的因子,谢谢网友BIGBEN提供的信息),实际上 就是“肝再生增强因子”(augmenter of liver regeneration,简称ALR),蛋白 质序列完全一样。ALR早在1994年,就由Hagiya等人从大鼠中克隆(Hagiya et al, 1994),其人的基因,也早在1996年由Giorda等人克隆并表达(Giorda et al, 1996),这一切,贺福初等人在2000年在国际上发表的一篇论文的导言中也不得 不承认(Li et al. 2000) 。而迟至1999年1月29日,贺福初等人才向GenBank提 交了其所谓肝细胞生成素的序列,虽然换了个名称,实际上是同一种蛋白质,序 列完全一样。贺福初把别人早就发现、克隆的蛋白质改了个名称(只有贺福初实 验室用这个称呼,见Lange et al, 2001),就敢声称在国际上首次发现,欺世 盗名到了这种程度,肆无忌惮到了这种程度,闻所未闻。】 方舟子说贺福初等人在1999年向GenBank提供的hepatopoietin蛋白质顺序和1994年大鼠以及1996年人的augmenter of liver regeneration,ALR的【蛋白质序列完全一样】。那么,贺的hepatopoietin和ALR当然就是同一个蛋白质了。方舟子说【实际上是同一种蛋白质,序列完全一样】。 那么,真是象方舟子说的这两个【蛋白质序列完全一样吗?】 在GenBank中,贺等人最初提供过几个不完全的蛋白质顺序,在2000年,提供了比较完整的人的hepatopoietin的蛋白质顺序,205个氨基酸:AAG38105. Reports hepatopoietin pro...[gi:11559826]。氨基酸顺序是 1 maapgergrf hggnlfflpg garsemmddl atda【rgrgag rrdaaasast paqaptsdsp 61 vaedasrrrp 】cracvdfktw mrtqqkrdtk fredcppdre elgrhswavl htlaayypdl 121 ptpeqqrdma qfihlfskfy pceecaedlr krlcrnhpdt rtracftqwl chlhnevnre 181 lgkpdfdcsk vderwrdgwk dgscd 而方舟子所谓的人的augmenter of liver regeneration,ALR,在基因库中是CAB87993. Reports augmenter of live...[gi:7576256],氨基酸顺序是 1 maapgergrf hggnlfflpg garsemmddl atda【gpgrga errgrlglda spgadlrfsc 61 rrgrlpeaa】c racvdfktwm rtqqkrdtkf redcppdree lgrhswavlh tlaayypdlp 121 tpeqqqdmaq fihlfskfyp ceecaedlrk rlcrnhpdtr tracftqwlc hlhnevnrkl 181 gkpdfdcskv derwrdgwkd gscd 共204个氨基酸。差一个氨基酸!? 如果他们真是同一个蛋白,贺福初为何在每次他们发表他们hematopoietin顺序的时候,都会提到以前的这个augmenter of liver regeneration?是他们太蠢还是太胆大,明目张胆地搞假?那些genebank的人员真比方舟子大虾的ID低吗? 慢! 我比较了这两个蛋白质的氨基酸顺序后,原来【欺世盗名】的不是贺福初,而是方舟子。 这两个蛋白质的205aa和204aa比较后,只有82%相同!在上述两个顺序的【】中,是不同的,也就是说其实这两个蛋白质的顺序有35个氨基酸的顺序是不一样的。 我不知道,这个信誉死亡站的方舟子是如何得出贺的hematopoietin和augmenter of liver regeneration【蛋白质序列是完全一样】的。但肯定方舟子自己是在【欺世盗名】。方舟子然后根据自己的愚蠢,一直发表文章,攻击贺福初等人的这个发现,把自己打扮成一个成功的“大架专家”。 方舟子真是个Joke。
贺他们在1991年就纯化到HPO【8】,在1992年就证明了是个蛋白【9】,在1997年【10】就克隆出了全部cDNA。 贺他们早在1991年,就用HPO这个词了,当时他们还不知道这个HPO和alr是一样的东西。方舟子就如何就能断定贺他们是自己伪造HPO呢? 而那个giorda从没有得到过蛋白,他只得到部分cDNA,然后根据cDNA,推测出氨基酸序列。 那是发生在1996年。 也就是说,真正的,只有贺他们先得到人的HPO。 J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 17, 11469-11472, April 23, 1999 Identification and Characterization of Receptor for Mammalian Hepatopoietin That Is Homologous to Yeast ERV1* Ge Wang§, XiaoMing Yang, Yong Zhang, QingMing Wang, Huipeng Chen, Handong Wei, GuiChun Xing, Ling Xie, ZhiYuan Hu, Chenggang Zhang, DianChun Fang§, ChuTse Wu, and FuChu He¶ From the Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese National Human Genome Center, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China and § Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical College, ChongQing 400042, People's Republic of China INTRODUCTION Previous studies implicate that a small molecule derived from liver itself specifically stimulates hepatocytes proliferation and supports liver regeneration (1-3). In 1975, LaBrecque et al. (3) first reported that in the liver of a weaning rat and the regenerating liver of a partially hepatectomized rat, there existed hepatic stimulator substance (HSS)1 that could specifically stimulate DNA synthesis in hepatic cells. Other groups have also carried out extensive research on HSS derived from other species (2). At the same time, experiments and clinical research on human fetal liver cells demonstrated its therapeutic effect on hematopoietic diseases and severe liver diseases (2, 4). Since the 1980s, we began to isolate and purify the effective component from fetal liver. We identified hepatic stimulatory activity in the fraction with molecular size ranging from 10 to 30 kDa of human fetal liver lysate (5-7). The activity was target-specific, which was different from various well known nonspecific hepatic stimulators such as insulin, EGF, insulin-like growth factor, and TGF-. The characteristics of the effective component derived from human fetal liver were consistent with those of HSSs derived from other species, suggesting that the effective component could be the human-derived homologue of the animal's HSS. Then, we purified this activity and demonstrated that the biological activity of its pure form is identical to those of the crude form and consistent with those of animal-derived HSSs, but evidently different from those of serum-derived hepatocyte growth factor 【(8)】. The factor was named as hepatopoietin (HPO). Later, we proved that HPO is encoded by mRNA of fetal liver 【(9)】 and further cloned 【(10)】 its full-length cDNA, encoding a 15.1-kDa protein from the cDNA library of human fetal liver, which is of 87% homology with rat augmenter of liver regeneration cDNA (11) and is identical to the human homologue of yeast ERV1 (essential for respiration and viability) cDNA (12). Recombinant human hepatopoietin (rhHPO) can stimulate proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatoma cells in vitro (13). Furthermore, in animal models, rhHPO promotes regeneration and recovery of damaged hepatocytes and rescues acute hepatic failure in vivo (13, 14). Thus, HPO is a growth factor important in liver regeneration. However, the signaling mechanism of HPO has been unclear. It remained unknown whether HPO bind to a specific receptor in cell membrane then initiate a corresponding cytoplasmic signal transduction pathway and mediate its biological effect on hepatocytes. We report here the identification and characterization of the receptor for HPO, which may give some insight into the mechanisms of its biological action. 【8】Tu, Q., and Wu, C. T. (1991) J. Pathophysiol. (in Chinese) 7, 537-540 【9】He, F. C., Wu, C. T., Tu, Q., and King, G. C. (1992) Hepatology 17, 225-230 【10】Yang, X. M., Xie, L., Hu, Z. Y., Qiu, Z. H., Wu, C. T., and He, F. C. (1997) Sci. China Ser. C Life Sci. 40, 642-647
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