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郭国汀律师专栏
·国际刑事法庭(芦旺达)规约
·起诉严重侵犯国际人道法责任人的国际(前南斯拉夫)法庭规约(1991)
·消除一切形式歧视妇女的国际公约1981
·国际人权法律资料 取缔教育歧视公约
·关于就业及职业歧视的公约
·消除一切形式歧视妇女的国际公约选择性议定书2000
·联合国防止和惩罚种族灭绝罪的公约(1951)
·联合国有关难民身份的国际公约1954
·儿童权利国际公约1990
·起诉和惩罚欧洲轴心国主要战争罪犯的国际军事法庭协议(纽伦堡宪章)
***区域性国际人权法律文件
·1996年欧洲反破坏性异端决议及其邪教定义
·非洲人权和人民权利公约(1981)
·美洲人的权利与义务宣言(1948)
·美洲人权公约(1969)
·美洲防止和禁罚酷刑的公约
·防止酷刑和其他残忍不人道或有辱人格待遇或处罚的欧洲公约1989
·欧洲保护人权和基本自由公约(1950)
·欧洲社会宪章1961
·建设新欧洲的巴黎宪章1990
***美国人权法律文件
·美国1620年“五月花号”公约(The Mayflower Compact)
·美国1786年弗吉尼亚宗教自由法令
·美国1776年弗吉尼亚权利法案
·美国1862年解放黑奴宣言
·美国1777年邦联条款
·美国1776年维吉尼亚权利法案
***英国人权法律文件
·英国1998年人权法案
·英国1676年人身保护令
·英国1689年权利法案
·英国1628年权利请愿书
·英国1215年自由大宪章
***法治研究
***宪政研究
·什么是宪政?
·宪政的实质
·分權制衡理論的历史淵源
·中国自由文化运动与宪政研究
·The Arguments For and Against the Notwithstanding Clause
·Freedom is not free but it is costly
·宪法改革的设想 南郭提要
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·Constitutional Interpretation
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***中共极权专制暴政批判
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1995年11月1日协会船舶全损、共同海损、3/4碰撞责任定期保险条款/郭国汀译

1995年11月1日协会船舶全损、共同海损、3/4碰撞责任定期保险条款
   (包括救助、救助费用和施救费用)
   Institute Time Clauses, Hulls-Total Loss, General Average, 3/4 Collision Liability(including Salvage, Salvage Charge and Sue Labour)
   下列在List A中的条款是那些在本格式中(除了数字之外)与1995年11月1日协会船舶定期保险条款完全相同的条款(相应的数字列在List B).
   条款名称 List A List B
   航行条款 1 1
   延续条款 2 2
   违反保证条款 3 3
   船级条款 4 4
   3/4碰撞责任条款 8 8
   姐妹船条款 9 9
   被保险人义务(施救费用) 11 11
   代理佣金条款 15 17
   推定全损条款 16 19
   运费弃权条款 17 20
   转让条款 18 21
   营运费用保证条款 19 22
   停泊和解约时的退费条款 20 23
   战争、罢工、恶意行为和放射性污染除外条款 21/24 24/27
   
   下述是不同的条款
   第5条 终止条款(Termination)
   5 TERMINATION
   This Clause 5 shall prevail notwithstanding any provision whether written typed or printed in this insurance inconsistent therewith.
   Unless the Underwriters agree to the contrary in writing, this insurance shall terminate automatically at the time of
   5.1 change of the Classification Society of the Vessel, or change, suspension, discontinuance, withdrawal or expiry of her Class therein, or any of the Classification Society’s periodic surveys becoming overdue unless an extension of time for such survey be agreed by the Classification Society, provided that if the Vessel is at sea such automatic termination shall be deferred until arrival at her next port. However where such change, suspension, discontinuance or withdrawal of her Class or where a However where such change, suspension, discontinuance or withdrawal of her Class 6 of this insurance or which would be covered by an insurance of the Vessel subject to current Institute Time Clauses-Hulls or Institute War and Strikes Clauses Hulls-Time such automatic termination shall only operate should the Vessel sail from her next port without the prior approval of the Classification Society or in the case of a periodic survey becoming overdue without the Classification Society having agreed an extension of time for such survey,
   5.2 any change, voluntary or otherwise, in the ownership or flag, transfer to new management, or charter on a bareboat basis, or requisition for title or use of the Vessel, provided that, if the Vessel has cargo on board and has already sailed from her loading port or is at sea in ballast, such automatic has cargo on board and has already sailed from her loading port or is at sea in ballast, such automatic termination shall if required be deferred, whilst the Vessel continues her planned voyage, until arrival at final port of discharge if with cargo or at port of destination if in ballast. However, in the event of requisition for title or use without the prior execution of a written agreement by the Assured, such automatic termination shall occur fifteen days after such requisition whether the Vessel is at sea or in port.
   A pro rata daily net return of premium shall be made provided shall be made provided that a total loss of the Vessel, whether by insured perils or otherwise, has not occurred during the period covered by this insurance or any extension thereof.
   5 终止
   本保险的任何条款,不论是手写、打印还是印刷的,凡与本条不一致者,均以本条为准。
   除非保险人书面另行同意,本保险在下列情况发生时自动终止:
   5.1 保险船舶的船级社变更,或其船级变更、暂停、终止、撤回或期满,或船级社的定期检验过期,除非船级社同意延期进行此种检验,但如果船舶在海上,此种自动终止应延迟到船舶抵达下一港口时。然而,如果此种船级变更、暂停、终止、撤回或定期检验过期是由本保险第6条承保的灭失或损害造成的,或者是由根据现行协会船舶战争险和罢工险定期保险条款承保的灭失或损害引起的,此种自动终止,仅于船舶未经船级社事先同意在下一港口开航时,或在定期检验过期的情况下,船级社未同意延期进行此种检验时,才生效。
   5.2 自愿或以其他方式变更船舶所有权或船旗,转给新的管理人、光船出租或被征购、征用,但如果船上载有货物且已从装货港开航或在海上空载航行,经要求,此种自动终止应延迟直至船舶继续其计划航程,载货船舶到达最后卸货港为止,空载船舶到达目的港为止。不过,如果征购、征用未事先与被保险人签订书面协议,那么无论船舶是在海上还是在港内,此种自动终止将在船舶被征用后15天开始生效。
   净保险费按日比例退回,但以在本保险承保期间或其延展期间保险船舶未发生全损为条件,不论全损是否由承保危险造成。
   第6条 危险条款(Perils)
   6 PERILS
    6.1 This insurance covers total loss (actual or constructive ) of the subject-matter insured caused by
    6.1.1 perils of the seas rivers lakes or other navigable waters
    6.1.2 fire, explosion
    6.1.3 violent theft by persons from outside the Vessel
    6.1.4 jettison
    6.1.5 piracy
    6.1.6 contact with land conveyance, dock or harbour equipment or installation
    6.1.7 earthquake volcanic eruption or lightning
    6.1.8 accidents in loading discharging or shifting cargo or fuel.
    6.2 This insurance covers total loss (actual or constructive )of the subject-matter insured caused by
    6.2.1 bursting of boilers breakage of shafts or any latent defect in the machinery or hull
    6.2.2 negligence of Master Officers Crew or Pilots
    6.2.3 negligence of repairers or charterers provided such repairers or charterers are not an Assured, Owners, Managers or Superintendents or any of their onshore management.
    6.2.4 barratry of Master Officers or Crew
    6.2.5 contact with aircraft, helicopters or similar objects, or objects falling therefrom provided that such loss or damage has not resulted from want of due diligence by the Assured, Owners, Managers or Superintendents or any of their onshore management.
    6.3 Master Officers Crew or Pilots not to be considered Owners within the meaning of this Clause 6 should they hold shares in the Vessel.
   6 危险
    6.1 本保险承保下列原因造成的保险标的的(实际或推定)全损
    6.1.1 海上、江河、湖泊或其他可航水域的危险
    6.1.2 火灾、爆炸
    6.1.3 来自保险船舶外的人员的暴力盗窃
    6.1.4 抛弃
    6.1.5 海盗
    6.1.6 与陆上运输工具、码头或港口设备、设施接触
    6.1.7 地震、火山爆炸或闪电
    6.1.8 装卸或搬移货物或燃料过程中的意外事故
    6.2 本保险承保下列原因造成的保险标的的(实际或推定)全损
    6.2.1 锅炉破裂、尾轴断裂、或者机器、船壳的潜在缺陷
    6.2.2 船长、高级船员、船员或引航员的过失
    6.2.3 修船人或承租人的过失,如果此种修理人或承租人不是本保险的被保险人
    6.2.4 船长、高级船员或船员的欺诈恶行
    6.2.5 与航空器、直升飞机或类似物体,或从其上坠落的物体触碰,如果此种灭失或损害并非由于被保险人、船东、管理人或船技主管或其岸上管理人员未谨慎处理所致。
    6.3 船长、高级船员、船员或引航员拥有保险船舶股份的,不视作本条意义上的船东。
   第7条 污染危险(Pollution Hazard)
   7 POLLUTION HAZARD
   This insurance covers total loss (actual or constructive) of the Vessel caused by any governmental authority acting under the powers vested in it to prevent or mitigate a pollution hazard, or damage to the environment, or threat thereof, resulting directly from damage to the Vessel for which the Underwriters are liable under this insurance, provided that such act of governmental authority has not resulted from want of due diligence by the Assured, Owners or Managers to prevent or mitigate such hazard or damage, or threat thereof, Master Officers Crew or Pilots not to be considered Owners within the meaning of this Clause 7 should they hold shares in the Vessel.
   7 污染危险
   本保险承保由于任何政府当局依其授权为防止或减少因保险船舶应由保险人负责的损害直接引起的污染危险或环境损害或其威胁采取行动造成的保险船舶的(实际或推定)全损。如果政府当局的此种行为不是由于保险船舶的被保险人,船东或管理人在防止或减少此种危险或损害或其威胁方面缺乏谨慎处理所致。船长、高级船员、船员或引航员拥有保险船舶股份的,不视为本条意义上的船东。
   第10条 共同海损与救助(General Average and Salvage)
   10 GENERAL AVERAGE AND SALVAGE
    10.1 This insurance covers the Vessel’s proportion of salvage, salvage charges and/or general average, reduced in respect of any under-insurance.
    10.2 This insurance does not cover partial loss of and /or damage to the Vessel except for any proportion of general average loss or damage which may be recoverable under Clause 10.1 above.
    10.3 Adjustment to be according to the law and practice obtaining at the place where the adventure ends, as if the contract of affreightment contained no special terms upon the subject; but where the contract of affreightment so provides the adjustment shall be according to the York Antwerp Rules.

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