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达赖啦嘛论西藏问题的实质
郭国汀编译
西藏问题非常复杂。它牵涉许多问题:政治,社会性质,法律,人权,宗教,文化,人民的身份,经济和自然环境的状况。[1]
由于我们世俗的命运,我们西藏拥有无价的金,铜,铁,石油,天然气,煤炭和铅矿藏。你们是否允许那些对我们的宝藏没有任何权利的野蛮的盗匪,抢劫和夺走这些属于我们的宝藏[2]。
西藏问题不仅仅是人权侵犯的问题,而是有着深层需要通过谈判解决的政治争议。[3]
中共坚持唯一的问题是解决有关我个人回西藏。问题并不是有关我回西藏的问题。我再次重申,问题是事关六百万西藏人民保护我们独特的文化,身分和文明[4]。
西藏的事业是西藏六百万人民的事业。它是人民决定其本体的抗争。直至他们获得满足,为西藏的抗争将持续。[5]
西藏人民的抗争乃是为了我们不可剥夺的决定我们自已命运的自由。这是为民主,人权与和平而抗争。更重要的是,这是为了一个拥有独特文明的民族和国家的生存而抗争。[6]
今天的现实乃是西藏是一个被占领的在殖民统治下的国家。[7]
今日西藏问题的实质乃是中国人与西藏人是根本上非常不同的人民。西藏文明源于数千年前。我们说不同的语言;我们是不同的文明;我们有不同的习惯;我们的宗教和文化,甚至我们的书面语言完全不同。[8]
今日的现实乃是西藏是一个被占领的处于殖民统治下的国家。这是必须通过谈判解决的问题的实质。[9]
西藏人民的抗争乃是生存权的抗争:为了西藏人民特有的文明,独特的文化,灵性传统以及我们的环境的生存。[10]
中国当局将西藏独特的文化和宗教看成分裂的主要原因。据此,有一种毁灭西藏文明和身份不可或缺的核心的企图。在文化,宗教和教育领域的新的限制措施伴随着不减弱的人口移民构成文化灭绝政策。[11]
旧社会的制度将永远不会恢复。佛教的教义(包含在the Tripitikas (the three baskets) and three Higher Trainings),有益于社会因为他们是基于牢固的理性和实际经验。这些我们必须保存和促进。不过,达赖与和尚的生计,寺院机构的赞美必须作必要的改革以适应时代的变化。[12]
事实上,中国政府加强了在西藏的镇压。中国最近的政策进一步清楚地表明他们意图依赖暴力,威胁,和人口移民来解决西藏问题。[13]
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[1] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 49st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 2008 “The problem of Tibet is very complicated. It is intrinsically linked with many issues: politics, the nature of society, law, human rights, religion, culture, the identity of a people, the economy and the state of the natural environment.”
[2] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 17st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1976 “By virtue of our secular karma, we Tibetans have been endowed with priceless mineral resources of gold, copper, iron, oil, gas, coal and lead. Do you wish to allow the barbarous brigands who have no right whatsoever, to plunder and cart away these resources of ours. ”
[3] Ibid“the issue of Tibet is not one of human rights violations alone but of deeper political nature which needs to be resolved through negotiations. ”
[4] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 35th, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1994 “insisting that the only issues to be resolved are those pertaining to my personal return to Tibet. The issue is not about my return to Tibet. I have stated this time and again. The issue is the survival of the six million Tibetan people along with the protection of our distinct culture, identity and civilization.”
[5] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 15st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1974 “The cause of Tibet is the cause of the Tibetan people; it is the cause of six million people. It is the struggle of a people to determine their own identity. Until they are satisfied, the struggle for Tibet will continue. ”
[6] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 40st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1989“ The struggle of the Tibetan people is a struggle for our inalienable right to determine our own destiny in freedom. It is a struggle for democracy, human rights and peace. Most of all, it is a struggle for survival as a people and nation with a unique civilization. ”
[7] Statement of Dalai Lama to the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Danish Parliament Hearing on Tibet Copenhagen, May 13, “The reality today is that Tibet is an occupied country under colonial rule.”
[8] Statement of Dalai Lama on His Visit to the United States, September 1995 “the essence of the problem in Tibet today is that the Chinese and Tibetans are fundamentally very different peoples. Tibetan civilization originated thousands of years ago. We speak different languages; are of different civilizations; have different customs; our religion and culture, and even our written languages are completely different. ”
[9] Statement Of His Holiness the Dalai Lamato Hearing on Tibet by The Foreign Affairs Committee Bundestag (German Parliament) – Bonn 19 June, 1995 “The reality today is that Tibet is an occupied country under colonial rule. This is the essential issue which must be addressed and resolved through negotiations.”
[10] Statement of His Holiness the Dalai Lama on the Forty-Second Anniversary of the Tibetan National Uprising Day on March 10, 2001 “Tibetan struggle is a struggle for survival-- for the survival of a people, a civilization, a unique culture and spiritual tradition, and for our environment. ”
[11] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 41st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 2000 “The Chinese authorities see the distinct culture and religion of Tibet as the principal cause for separation. Accordingly, there is an attempt to destroy the integral core of the Tibetan civilization and identity. New measures of restrictions in the fields of culture, religion and education coupled with the unabated influx of Chinese immigrants to Tibet amount to a policy of cultural genocide.”
[12] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 23st, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1982 “The old social s-y-stem will never be resurrected. The teachings of the Buddha, as contained in the Tripitikas (the three baskets) and three Higher Trainings, are beneficial to society since they are based on sound reason and actual experience. These we must preserve and promote. However, the livelihood of lamas and monks and the admiration of the monastic establishment must be of necessity change with the changing times. ”
[13] The Statement of Dalai Lama on the 36th, Anniversary of Tibetan National Uprising Day on 10 March 1995 “In fact, the Chinese government has intensified its repression in Tibet. Recent Chinese policies demonstrate more clearly than ever their intention to resolve the question of Tibet through force, intimidation and population transfer.”
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