紧急：为杨佳案向国际呼吁的路径

   (博讯2008年09月15日发表)

    杨佳很有可能在第一次被关押审讯期间就遭到了酷刑，又被剥夺了正当的道歉和赔偿的权利和渠道，在长期剥夺了伸张正义的机会之后，愤而杀警，至少是情有可原的。那么，当前的杨佳的情况，最重要和紧迫的是，要让国际社会知道该案件已经两次涉嫌动用严重的酷刑，第一次当然是无辜和毫无道理的；而第二次，联合国也认为对于杀人犯也不可以随意动用酷刑。中国签署而且也批准了：联合国《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》（以下简称《反酷刑公约》）。这是少数几个中国无保留地签署的公约之一。 同时，联合国的反酷刑专员诺瓦克先生还在2005年专程来到中国进行中国当前酷刑情况的调查。

    最好写好了之后，用传真发出去。（联络方式如下） 时间很紧迫。按道理来说，如果判处死刑，必须经过最高法院，然而如果最高法院不能公正地判决，而且，上海警方拒不提供当时首次审讯杨佳的录像的话，那么，基本的司法公正就无从谈起了。

    需要有心人提供如下信息，并且，希望有心人，有能力的人为杨佳一案来向联合国递交此申请。信息需要提供的：人名，父母，身份证，居住地址，已经采取的法律措施，前后的缘由。为什么认为遭受了酷刑？可以以个人名义提出，当然，以法律专业或者人权组织的名义递交更好。

    该案件涉及一个根本的正义的问题的讨论：就是，公民有没有权利直接反抗暴政？当公民没有渠道，或者说已经采取了能够采取的许多渠道仍然不能得到正义的结果的时候，公民是不是可以采取勇敢的自卫行为来反抗暴政？倘若暴政执行者，对任何和平、理性的呼吁，或弱者的恳求都毫不在乎，那么，是不是只有抗暴的行为才能让暴政有所顾忌呢？

    请有心和有能力的人，立即就此案的国际援助采取行动。另外，除了联合国人权委员会之外，仍然还有许多国际组织非常关注中国的人权。我们需要向国际社会说明的是，杨佳绝对不是一个恐怖分子，也一直力图采取理性的方式来解决问题。我们完全有理由要求国际社会，通过关注这么一个特殊的案子，来审视中国当下的真正的政治现实。

    法国大革命，把国王送上了断头台；清王朝濒临灭亡之际，汪精卫、秋瑾等一批人都致力于暗杀王朝官员，并且为当时的国人都尊为英雄；齐奥塞斯库是共产国家中一个下场最为悲惨的人，他被绞死了，无数罗马尼亚人都为此欢呼。我们需要反思，而且，更需要质疑国际社会的是，作为一种公民反抗暴政的手段之一，并非只有和平理性的方式才是正确的--任何执政者并没有天然的正当性--而当他们滥用公器伤害无辜的时候，公民完全可以通过自己的方式来正当防卫、反击、抗议或者诉诸自己的正义的定义。一直到今日，美国仍然有Citizen Arrest Law. 该法律确定了，公民有权利逮捕公职人员的合法性。我想，如果把杨佳作为反革命，或者说政治犯，还更恰当一些--这确是对他的行为的政治特点的一种肯定。

    我在这里并不是鼓励暴力。我也不主张任何人去采取此种方式。然而，我们必须认真思考，作为一种反抗非正义的方式，这种暴烈的方式，是否也具有必然的正当性？

    我们也必须要国际社会来参与这个讨论。因此，肯定能够写这个报告的人，把杨佳的报告递交上去。同时，也可以联系人权观察、大赦国际、记者无国界、律师无国界等各类朋友们能够联系到的国际组织来呼吁此事。

    杨佳或许是怒极而冲动，但是，谁愿意这么苟且偷生地活着？

    下面提供一个国际大赦Amnesty International所递交的紧急呼吁的案例，刘杰女士的。请已经了解此情况的朋友，填写完整后，公开发布，或者，递交给相关部门。

    http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/chr/complaints.htm

    Where to send communications?

    Communications intended for handling under the Council Complaint Procedure may be addressed to:

    Human Rights Council and Treaties Division

    Complaint Procedure

    OHCHR-UNOG

    1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

    Fax: (41 22) 917 90 11

    E-mail: CP@ohchr.org

    URGENT APPEAL - THE OBSERVATORY

    New information

    CHN 007 / 1007 / OBS 129.5

    Arbitrary detention / Torture and ill-treatments

    People’s Republic of China

    August 22, 2008

    The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), has received new information and requests your urgent intervention on the following situation in the People’s Republic of China.

    New information:

    The Observatory has been informed by “Chinese Human Rights Defenders” (CRD) about new acts of ill-treatment against Mrs. Liu Jie, an activist for the rights to complain and to seek justice, while in detention in a camp of Re-Education Through Labour (RTL)[1].

    According to the information received, on August 15, 2008, Mrs. Liu Jie was beaten by a guard at the RTL camp when she confronted the guard about the mistreatment of a fellow detainee. During the beating, Mrs. Liu pushed the guard in an act of self-defence. The RTL camp then accused Mrs. Liu of attacking its staff and, as punishment, Mrs. Liu has been forced to sit on a “Tiger Bench”: the torture victim is made to sit upright on a long bench, her hands tied behind her back. Her thighs are fastened with a rope to the bench while her feet are raised off the floor by bricks placed under her feet. This puts extreme strain on the knees and is a very painful form of torture, especially for an extended period of time.

    This is not the first time Liu was tortured at Harbin Drug Rehabilitation Centre, where she is currently held. On May 22, 2008, Mrs. Liu had already been forced to sit on a “Tiger Bench” for seven consecutive days (See background information), for protesting against the harsh working conditions in Qiqihar RTL camp.

    Furthermore, Mrs. Liu is in very poor health, as she suffers from heart disease, Cholecystitis and a severe eye illness. According to a doctor who examined her on December 20, 2007, Mrs. Liu will go blind if she does not receive proper treatment immediately. As the treatment is unavailable in Heilongjiang Province, she must be sent to Beijing. However, the authorities have not yet responded to her and her family’s repeated requests for release for medical treatment eight months after the diagnosis was made. And although she is close to being blind, Ms. Liu is forced to work fourteen hours a day, six days a week at the camp.

    The Observatory expresses its deep concern about the acts of torture against Mrs. Liu Jie while arbitrarily detained, and recalls that her detention is also a flagrant violation of the provisions of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, in particular of its Article 6.c, which states that “everyone has the right, individually or in association with others, to study, discuss, form and hold opinions in the observance, both in law and in practice, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and, through these and other appropriate means, to draw public attention to those matters”.

    Background information:

    On October 11, 2007, Mrs. Liu was arrested by Beijing police as she was leaving some friends at Beijing Zhong Ding Village, near the South Train Station. She was taken to the nearby You-an Men police station where her cell phone was confiscated. Police officers then put her in a car and drove away.

    She and other activists spent the two previous months surveying petitioners and collecting signatures for the open letter addressed to the leaders of the Communist Party. They collected a rather large number of signatures by petitioners from many provinces, who had been to Beijing to file complaints about their mistreatments by local officials, many of whom having suffered official harassment and police brutality. Since 2003, Ms. Liu has organised petitioners every year to submit open letters to Chinese leaders at important meetings, such as the annual National People’s Congress, advocating for legal and political reforms. Other organisers of the open letter campaign are now in hiding.

    On October 13, 2007, Mrs. Liu Jie was officially detained for suspicion of “instigating trouble” and “gathering crowds to disturb social order”, on the basis of Article 61 of the Criminal Procedure Law, which pertains to the initial detention of “major suspects” or “active offenders”. Her family obtained her formal detention order from the PSB of the Beian City Military Farm Bureau (Nongken). Mrs. Liu was the lead organiser of a public letter signed by 12,150 petitioners calling on the Chinese Communist Party leaders to implement political and legal reforms on the eve of the 17th Party Congress.